Paint is a medium that both protects and enhances lumber and a variety of other surfaces. The woodworker or home handyperson will eventually be painting something, whether it is part of the home or a lovingly created project. The choice of paint will depend a lot on the project that requires painting. Is it to be for indoor or outdoor use? Will it come in for lots of wear and tear? These questions must be settled before the choice can be made.
Paint has three elements; pigment, binder and base. The pigment is the color, without which the paint would simply be a clear lacquer. The binder stops the paint from separating and helps it to adhere to the surface. It contains resin in various amounts; the highest resin content makes the most durable paint. The base is what classifies paint as water or solvent soluble, e.g., a water-based paint can be cleaned up with water, or an oil-based paint which needs solvent for clean up.
The item to be painted must be clean and free of loose dust and dirt. It needs to be sanded smooth before painting and sometimes between coats. A primer will help increase the durability of the paint and reduce absorbency. Sometimes the undercoat is mixed with a primer to save you time and effort. Water-based or latex paints are popular due to the ease of application and fast drying time. You can get several coats on in one day.
Some surfaces cannot be painted with water-based paints. Wallpaper will peel, while bare wood will swell due to the water content. Metal surfaces will rust and the rust will show through the paint. Water-based paint will go over flat-finished oil paints but not high gloss.
Oil paints usually need 24 hours or more of drying time between coats. Good quality oil-based paints are more durable than the water-based ones, especially for external use. Both come in grades of gloss, the highest gloss being used for high-traffic areas, as it is easier to clean. Flat or low-gloss paint is used for ceilings, while walls are often painted with a semi-gloss.
If you don’t want your painted surface to look streaky and have the odd bristle stuck to the paint, use a good quality paintbrush. Many so-called handyman paintbrushes are poor quality, even though the price tag says otherwise. A good job cannot be done with a poor quality brush. Some projects are painted with a rag or sponge to achieve special effects.
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